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CONTRADICTIONS IN PROVERBS

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 This morning I was merrily skipping down the street, trying not to step on cracks ( step on a crack, break your mother's back ), when an old lady shouted at me: "You are never too old to learn!" I immediately shouted back: "You cannot teach an old dog new tricks!" This must have dumbfounded her, because she ran away with her tail between her legs. I then decided to cross the busy street, thinking, "Nothing ventured, nothing gained." But then I remembered my mother telling me, "Better safe than sorry," and decided to use a pedestrian crossing. I waited for the light to turn green and remembered to "look before you leap." But I hesitated, and, as "he who hesitates is lost," I missed my chance to cross the road. I finally decided to scoot home and forget about proverbs altogether. After all, they are full of contradictions. 

DOES EVERY IDIOM HAVE A COUNTERPART? LILY AND RIZO

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I may be wrong, but I cling to the possibly simplistic idea that every phraseological unit in one language has a counterpart in another. To illustrate this contention once again, I would like to mention the Spanish expression rizar el rizo , meaning to go unnecessarily further, overdo something, or embellish what is already satisfactory. A David le gusta rizar el rizo y explicar más de lo necesario. — “Pero hay quienes se empeñan en rizar el rizo…” ABC Cultural, 17/05/1996. Esp. || “Esta declaración riza el rizo de lo absurdo…” ABC, 09/04/1985. Esp. A close English expression is gild the lily , meaning to embellish something already beautiful or satisfactory, or to add unnecessary ornamentation. The Press Secretary in Washington has a tendency to gild the lily by giving more explanations than necessary. — “I know how to write, mind you. I've still got the knack, can still gild the lily, can still turn a phrase.” Fantasy and Science Fiction, August 2006. US. || “That’s enough. That’...

A CHICKEN IN EVERY POT AND A CAR IN EVERY GARAGE

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 Con las elecciones midterm recién celebradas en los Estados Unidos y las generales en España del 29 de noviembre de 2026, se oye a los políticos desgañitarse prometiéndolo todo, el oro y el moro. Ya dice el refrán que de prometer nadie se hizo pobre. Todo este ruido me ha traído a la memoria una frase que nos dijo mi profesor de Historia de los Estados Unidos en la Universidad de Duquesne, al hablarnos de las elecciones de aquellos años, en torno a la Gran Depresión: A chicken in every pot and a car in every garage. El eslogan fue entonces muy traído y llevado y se ha atribuido a diversos políticos. Lo traigo a colación porque a los políticos les encantan los eslóganes simplistas, las promesas fáciles y las fórmulas que caben en una pancarta. El PSOE de Sánchez, después de más de ocho años de gobierno, promete ahora hacer todo lo que no ha hecho durante ese tiempo. Y quiere que los votantes le crean. Promete, salvando las distancias, un pollo en cada olla y un piso para cada jove...

THE STOWAWAY IN OUR LANGUAGE

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A domestic flight is a flight taking place within the borders of a single country. The standard Spanish equivalent is vuelo nacional , although the calque vuelo doméstico is heard in several Latin American countries, particularly under the influence of English. I am writing this because yesterday I watched the television interview Isabel Díaz Ayuso, President of the Community of Madrid, granted to Canal 5, in which she used the expression vuelos domésticos when speaking about flights within Spain. Despite my admiration for her as a politician, I regret hearing her introduce this stowaway expression into Spanish. Before we know it, vuelos domésticos may well replace the established vuelos nacionales . You might protest: so what? What difference does it make whether we say nacional or doméstico when referring to flights within a country? Nothing of great consequence, really. I merely wish to point out the influence that persons of import can exert on our linguistic habits. Words sp...

EL MÉTODO DE APRENDIZAJE DEL PROFESOR FERNÁNDEZ ARMESTO

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  En el prólogo a mi libro Escribir y comunicar en inglés , escribe el profesor  Felipe Fernández-Armesto sobre su método de aprender idiomas, que consiste en memorizar poesía. Dice en ese prólogo el profesor de Notre Dame, insigne historiador y gran conocedor de los idiomas inglés y castellano: “ My own method of learning languages ought to disqualify me from introducing this book. I teach myself by reading poetry. Verse is memorable, because repetitive and often rhyming. And most cultures have a stock – a common culture – of poems familiar to everyone educated in the language concerned. So foreigners who quote them instantly forge the sort of bond of sympathy that enhances every experience of communication. ” Y yo añadiría a la poesía, la letra de canciones también. ¿Lo ponemos en práctica? Tenemos poco que perder.

BUTTONS AND "COSQUILLAS" EN LA FRASEOLOGÍA BILINGÜE

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 Tengo a mi alrededor gente a la que le encanta ponerme de los nervios, pincharme para que salte y pierda la calma. Esto, en román paladino, se llama buscarle las cosquillas a alguien o hacerle rabiar . Lo malo es que lo consiguen. Por mucho que trate de mantener la calma y no darles el gusto de verme sulfurado, they push my buttons, and I take the bait . Por ejemplo: Mi amigo Peláez sabe exactamente cómo hacerme rabiar hablando de política, lo que en inglés podríamos traducir como: My friend Peláez knows exactly how to push my buttons by talking about politics. Me gusta esta expresión inglesa porque lo de 'buttons' nos recuerda a 'tecla',  que en castellano también se usa figuradamente: tocar las teclas de alguien. He encontrado las siguientes citaciones de uso, para que no se diga: — “… but you don’t want to push his buttons because he can turn very vicious.” Sporting News , September 8, 2006. US. — “… and Jimmy would keep pushing her buttons until she’d lose her te...

THREE SMALL LESSONS IN SPANISH

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Yesterday, someone who knows no English congratulated me on my mastery of the language. I have also been told that my Spanish is good. I take these compliments with a grain of salt, since they come from unqualified experts. The question of language proficiency is one I often ponder. The study of a language is a lifelong endeavor, and there is always something to learn, correct, or improve. If my reader is studying Spanish, allow me, by way of digression, to offer three pieces of advice: 1. Avoid the passive voice whenever possible. Do not say David ha sido visto when the more natural Han visto a David will do. Spanish often prefers the active construction where English readily resorts to the passive. 2. Use the progressive form only when it is needed. Do not say Estoy yendo a casa when Voy a casa expresses the same idea more naturally. The progressive is not a substitute for the simple present. 3. Learn the subjunctive thoroughly—and use it. Do not automatically translate as far as...