LAS LENGUAS INGLESA Y ESPAÑOLA de Delfín Carbonell

  Don Pedro Álvarez de Miranda, a Spanish scholar and member of the RAE (Real Academia Española), has asked me about the English word "axilla" and its usage. "Axila" in Spanish is a five-cent word, whereas "axilla" is an English ten-dollar word, unknown to most English-speaking people except medical doctors. The word's plural, "axillae," gives away the Latin origin of the word. "Armpit" and "underarm" will be understood by native speakers. "Axilla" will draw a blank face unless you talk to an MD. This must be borne in mind when translating from English. "Olor a sobaquina" would translate as "B.O.." in English. But, wait, let me go take a shower! I'll be back!

  Resilience comes from the Latin "resiliens" and it  is "the act of rebounding or springing back" (elasticity, the power of returning to original shape), also "the ability to recover readily from illness, depression, adversity, or the like; buoyancy." In 2022 The Diccionario de la Real Academia Española (DRAE) admitted the word from the English, defining it as "Capacidad de adaptación de un ser vivo frente a un agent perturbador o un estado o situación adversos."  This is a case where Spanish adopts a new word from Latin through English. It still has no widespread use in Spanish, although Ramón Tamames , the economist, employed it in 1992 in his book Curso de economía . The average Spanish speaker ignores the term which is of general use among speakers of English.