LAS LENGUAS INGLESA Y ESPAÑOLA de Delfín Carbonell

In an earlier post I mentioned the usage of "aquí" and "acá", in European Spanish vs American Spanish. This summer a colleague of my daughter's, Violeta, originally from Perú, in a café terrace in Madrid, was bantering about "por la mañana" and "en la mañana". She kept correcting herself, pointing out the difference in the usage of the preposition. This is another giveaway as to where the speaker hails from. "En la noche oigo ruidos raros" will tell you the speaker is not from Spain because she would have said: "Por la noche oigo ruidos raros." Is this important? Only if you use either preposition and a "native", a local, corrects you. Do not argue. Never argue about questions grammatical with average native speaker. 

Languages solve communication problems in different ways. One area where English is remarkably efficient is in asking about degrees. Once we know that a quality exists, we can simply place how before the corresponding adjective or adverb to ask about its extent: How expensive was the car? How tall is Bob? How far is Barcelona from Madrid? How difficult was the exam? The same pattern works with an enormous range of adjectives, making it both simple and highly productive. Spanish, however, does not seem to have a single, equally general construction. Depending on the country, one may hear questions such as ¿Qué tan lejos está...? , ¿Qué tan rico es tu novio? , or the more formal ¿Cuán lejos está...? These are perfectly natural in some varieties of Spanish but uncommon or even odd in others. Rather than relying on one universal pattern, Spanish tends to express the same ideas through different constructions. For example, instead of asking How far is Barcelona from Madrid? , many spe...